Effects of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) Seed as a Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Hematological Parameters and Carcass Organs of Local Rabbits

Abstract

Background: The use of certain synthetic feed additives was restricted in the European Union due to concerns regarding their adverse effects on animal health, human health, and the environment. Although feed additives are widely used to enhance feed quality, improve animal performance, and support health, some have been associated with issues such as antimicrobial resistance, toxicity, and environmental pollution. Consequently, there is increasing interest in natural alternatives. Recent research has emphasized the potential of herbs, medicinal plants, spices, and other plant-based products as safe and effective feed additives. Among these, fenugreek seeds are notable for their rich nutritional value and bioactive compounds, which offer multiple health benefits in animal production. Aim: This study investigated the effects of supplementing rabbit diets with varying levels of fenugreek seed powder on growth performance, carcass traits, and hematological parameters. Methods: Sixty local meat rabbits were used with four dietary treatments; a control group without supplementation and three experimental groups receiving 5, 10, and 15 g/kg feed of fenugreek seed powder. The animals were followed up weekly for the indicated study parameters for 42 days. Results: The results demonstrated that fenugreek supplementation improved growth performance and feed conversion efficiency across all inclusion levels, with the greatest benefits observed at 10 g/kg feed. Additionally, fenugreek positively influenced hematological indices and affected the relative weights of certain organs, indicating improved physiological status and health. Conclusion: Overall, these findings suggest that fenugreek seed powder is a promising natural feed additive that can enhance animal health, productivity, and efficiency in rabbit production systems.